1. Hydraulic drive principle
The movement of the slider of Cnc Bending Machine is often achieved through hydraulic drive. The hydraulic system is its core part, which is mainly composed of hydraulic pump, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic valve, etc. As the power source, the hydraulic pump is responsible for extracting the hydraulic oil from the oil tank and converting it into oil with a certain pressure. For example, the common vane pump or plunger pump is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the hydraulic oil generates pressure energy. When the CNC system issues an instruction, the hydraulic valve adjusts the flow direction of the hydraulic oil according to the instruction. When the slider moves downward, the hydraulic valve guides the high-pressure oil to the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, pushing the piston upward. Since the slider is connected to the piston, it drives the slider downward. In this process, the pressure of the hydraulic oil determines the bending force applied by the slider, and the control of the oil flow by the hydraulic valve determines the movement speed of the slider.
2. Control of the hydraulic system
The CNC system plays a key control role in the hydraulic drive of the slider movement. It accurately controls the opening and opening and closing time of the hydraulic valve. Through the built-in program algorithm, the CNC system adjusts the hydraulic valve according to the set bending angle, plate thickness and other parameters. For example, for thicker plates, a greater bending force is required. The CNC system will instruct the hydraulic valve to increase the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil so that the slider is pressed down at an appropriate speed and force. At the same time, during the bending process, the CNC system will also adjust the hydraulic valve in real time according to the information fed back by the sensor (such as the pressure sensor monitoring the bending force and the displacement sensor monitoring the slider position) to ensure the accuracy of the slider movement and the consistency of the bending effect.
3. Mechanical transmission method
In addition to hydraulic drive, some CNC Bending Machines use mechanical transmission to achieve slider movement. The mechanical transmission system generally includes components such as motors, reducers, and lead screws. The motor provides power, and after the reducer reduces the speed and increases the torque, it drives the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw and the slider are connected by a nut. When the lead screw rotates, the nut drives the slider to move in a straight line. The advantage of this transmission method is that it has high motion accuracy and can achieve relatively accurate positioning. Under the control of the CNC system, the speed and direction of the motor are precisely adjusted to control the movement speed and direction of the slider. For example, when the slider needs to rise, the motor reverses, and the slider moves upward through the transmission of the reducer and lead screw.
4. Comparison and application of the two methods
The hydraulic drive method is suitable for situations where a large bending force is required, and can meet the bending requirements of thick plates, and the hydraulic system has certain adaptability and overload protection capabilities. The mechanical transmission method has better performance in precision bending processing with extremely high precision requirements and relatively small bending force requirements. In practical applications, the implementation method of the slider movement is selected according to the specific purpose of the Cnc Bending Machine and the requirements of the workpiece to be processed (such as plate thickness, bending accuracy, etc.).
